CAPSICUM HYBRID TANVI (ADVANTA)
Hybrid
Sweet Pepper TANVI |
|
Plant Type |
Semi- Erect |
Days of Maturity |
60-65 DAT |
Fruit Weight |
150-180 g |
Fruit Colour (Green) |
Green |
Lobed |
Four |
Special Features |
Very pleasing hybrid turn
yellow after maturity |
Cultural Sweet Pepper |
|
Season |
Wet Season : May-Aug Spring / Winter : Oct-Dec Summer Season : Feb-March |
Climate |
Suitable Temperature -
Average Monthly temperature 20 -35 C, Day Length 9-10 hours light stimulates
plant growth and increases the productivity by 21-24% |
Temperature |
i) Frost - dangerous 0 0 ii) High night temp
improves capsaicin, Day temperature 20 -30 C optimum but 0 >37 C
accelerates flower and fruit drop iii) Low night temperature
increases parthenocarpic fruit set iv) High day temperature
develops abscission zone (flower drop) |
Nursery |
Nursery Management - Tips
to be followed & monitored : i) Sow the seeds in Pro
trays of 98 cavities by using the sterilised cocopeat as a media, th ii) At 10 day after sowing
mild spray with Uthane M-45 @ 1g/litre of H O + Ulala 2 0.3 g/litre of H O or
Saaf @ 1g/litre of H O + Ulala 0.2 g/litre of H O 2 2 2 th iii) At 15 day after sowing
spray with Saaf @ 1g/litre of H O + Ulala 0.2 g/litre of 2 H O 2 st iv) At 21 day after sowing
spray with Uthane M-45 @ 1g/litre of H O + Ulala 0.3 2 g/litre of H O or Saaf
@ 1g/litre of H O + Ulala 0.2 g/litre of H O 2 2 2 v) At 28 days after sowing
spray with Saaf @ 1g/litre of H O+ Ulala 0.2 g/litre of 2 H O+ 19:19:19
(Soluble) @ 1g/litre H O 2 2 vi) Hardening of seedlings
is must before transplanting. Seedling will be ready for transplanting in 30
Days after sowing. Transplanting has to be done preferable in evening hours
to avoid sun shock & mortality. |
Soil & Land Preparation |
i) An ideal soil for
growing chilli is a light loamy soil enriched with organic matter & also
rich in lime with pH up to 6-7 will be good for cultivating Hot Pepper. ii) Deep Ploughing &
Harrowing (expose the soil to hot sun for 20-30 days in summer season) &
keep the soil weed free to reduce soil pathogen as well as to reduce
secondary host for sucking pest. iii) Apply 25 tonnes of
well decomposed FYM/ha fallowed by harrowing to mix in the soil iv) Prepare
ridges & furrows. v) Apply the fertilizer as
per the recommendations. vi) Irrigate the field a
day prior or before Transplanting, vii) Ideal time for
transplanting is between 3:00 PM to 6:00 PM evening hours & irrigate the
field immediately after transplanting for quick & better establishment, viii) Advisable to adopt
technologies like drip irrigation for intensive utilization of water &
Mulching for better crop growth & development & also mulching will
help to restrict weeds & enhance quality of produce. |
Seed Rate |
200-250 g/ha |
Irrigation |
Irrigate as & when
required based on the soil type & the local practices |
Spacing |
i) Row to Row : 60 cm &
Plant to Plant : 45 cm or ii) Row to Row : 75cm &
Plant to Plant : 60 cm |
Fertilizer Kg/Acre |
i) Apply 25t FYM/ha at the
time of ploughing ii) At the time of final
land preparation apply 100:50:50 NPK kg/ha iii) 20 DAT again apply
50:25:25 NPK kg/ha as top dressing iv) After first picking
apply final dose of 50:25:25 NPK kg/ha as top dressing v) Use of bio-fertilizer,
Azotobacter or Azospirillum @ 2kg/ha save 25% nitrogen requirement of chilli
crop vi) For soil application
Azospirillum should be mixed with 20 kg of FYM or compost. Top dressing
should be done after draining out the water and weeding so that the loss of
nutrient is minimum. vii) The acidic soils
should be treated with liming materials as and when required. viii) Addition of organic
manures or green manuring should be done at least once in 3-5 years. ix) In case of flooded
fields slow releasing nitrogenous fertilisers should be used so that loss of
nitrogen can be minimised. x) Appropriate plant
protection measures and proper tillage practices should be adopted so that
plants remain healthy and absorb the applied nutrients from the field |
Flower Initiation |
45 DAT |
1st Picking |
65 -70 DAT (2 - 2.5 months
After Transplanting) |
Growth Regulator |
i) NAA@ 50 ppm, at
flowering reduces flower drop & increases fruit setting ii) Lehosin @ 200 ppm
improves fruit quality( fruit dev. & capsaicin); iii) K-increases capsaicin
iv) MH @ 300 ppm & Ethrel @ 200 ppm suppressed flowering Use of growth
regulators i) Flower and fruit drop is
a serious problem in chilli and it depends on higher temperature, low soil
moisture, shading and light intensity ii) Planofix (NAA) @ 20-40
ppm (20-40 mg/lit) twice with 15 days interval iii) 2,4,D @ 2-4 ppm at
flower bud initiation reduces flower drop and increase fruit set and yield iv) Application of Ethrel
or Ethepon @ 300 ppm through foliar spray increases fruit set and yield. v) Application of
morphactin at 1ppm before flowering produces stamen less flowers. vi) Ethrel is applied for
uniform maturity of fruits. Ethrel or ethephon is applied @ 500 ppm when the
first fruit on the plant begins to turn slightly red. |
Yield T/ha |
30-35 T (Green); 25-40% of
green chilli / red fresh (Dry) |
Avg. per Fruit weight (g) |
Av. Wt. 3.5-4 g, 60-65
seeds/ green chilli & 90-110 seeds/Red Dry |
No. of fruits per plant |
Average 425-450 |
Major impediment |
Leaf curl virus (Thrips) /
Muruda complex / Die Back / Bacterial Wilt / Fruit & Shoot Borer /
Bacterial Wilt |
Remedies / Control Measures |
i) Cuproflix 3.0-4.0 g/l
& Unilax 2.0 g/l for Damping off, ii) Saaf 2.5 g/l for Die
Back & Fruit Rot, iii) Topas 1.5 ml/l &
Beltyon 1.0 g / L for Powdery Mildew, iv) Saaf 2.5 g/l, Uthane
2.0 g/l for Cercospora leaf spot, v) Lancergold 2.5 g/l for
thrips control, vi) Ulala 0.5 g/l for
Aphids & White flies control, vii) Invade 0.5 g/l,
Atabron 3 ml/l for Fruit borer control |
Harvesting |
As per requirement :
green/ripe |
No. of Pickings |
6- 10 (1-2 weeks interval)
3 months |
Key Points |
i) K O-improves capsaicin
(Condensation product of 3 hydroxy, 4 methoxy 2 Benzylamine & Dicylenic
acid) * Pungency/capsaicin- is measured in ASTA (American Spice Trade
Association) units or Scoville Heat Units (SHU) ASTA units x 15 = Scoville
units (1 ASTA=15 SHU) Capsaicin-stimulates chemoreceptor nerve endings in the
skin, especially the mucous membranes. Non-pungent peppers are used as
vegetable, whereas paprika type peppers (paprika capsicum oleoresins) are
mainly used in food / cosmetic industries as colorant, where zero pungency is
preferred with more than 40000 ASTA colour units *The capsicum oleoresins are
usually obtained from pungent peppers, which should have 100000-500000 SHU
& max. 4000 ASTA colour units. *In humans, the limit for capsaicin taste
is 10 ppm which is 70 times lower than that for piprine of black pepper &
1000 times lower than zinger one of ginger. Pure capsaicine scoville
rating-1.5-1.6 crore SHU. Bell pepper-zero / no heat Hottest chilli-Naga
Jolokia / ghost pepper-8.5 to 10.5 lakh SHU, *****Recent Guinese record
(1067, 286 SHU tested by Varvik university) - by variety infinity /
Lankshire, Britain, Farmer : Nik woods, followed by Red Savina Habanero -
3.5-5.8 lakh SHU Determined by - High pressure liquid chromatography. ii) % of dry chillies :
25-40% of green |
Care |
Follow Crop protection
schedule for LCV : i) Apply phorate between
lines during nursery 10% @ 10 kg/ha ; ii) While transplanting-dip
seedling tips in mixture of Monocrotophos (36% @ 15 ml + Mannose 25 g + S 25
g in 10 L water; After transplanting Spray - Mix. of Monocrotophos @15 ml +
Wettable S (805) 25 g + 25 g COC in 10 L water; st iii) Second spray 10 days
after 1 : Mixture monochrotophos -15 ml + S 25g + ziram -20 g in 10 l water ;
iv) Follow the same spray at an interval of 10-15 days till flowering ; v)
When irri. Facility is not available - dusting with methye parathion s/be
done; vi) On flowering spray -
mix. of mathion (50%) 20 ml/mono 15 ml + S (80%) 25g + ziram 2 g in 10 L
water at 10 days interval; st vii) If picking is to be
done then 1 pick & then apply the sprays; viii) Towards the end of
Oct. Chilli is oftenly infested by PM: CM - Dusting with S (300 mesh) @20
kg/ha; Never pick the fruits for 6 days from spraying |
Export Standards |
Dark green, highly pungent,
uniform, 6-7 cm long with good storability |
# of Seeds /g |
175-180 |