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Organic Farming Denotes A Holistic System Of
Farming Which Optimizes Productivity In A Sustainable Manner Through Creation
Of Interdependent Agri-Eco Systems Where Annual Crop Plants (E.G. Wheat),
Perennial Trees (E.G. Horticulture) And Animals (Including Fishes Where
Relevant) Are Integrated On A Given Field Or Property. It Is Often Confused
With Certified Organic Farming Or Labeled Organic Produce, Which Is A
Commercial Quality Control And Marketing Mechanism Entailing Third Party
Certification Or Any Other Form Of Independent Certification For Individual
Commodities And The Process Of Their Cultivation. It Is Important To Separate
The Two.
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The First – Organic Farming (OF) Is Essentially An
Agricultural Activity Employing The Knowledge/Understanding Of Naturally
Occurring Processes While The Second – A Certified Organic Farming (COF) Is
Essentially The Same As OF But There Is An Addition Of Checks And Balances To
Maintain Soil Fertility And Control Insect-Pests And Diseases. It Is Done By
Involving Record Keeping On Various Aspects And Is Dictated By Market Forces.
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About 74% Farmers In India Are Small And Marginal
Farmers. Organic Farming Is Most Relevant To Them Because They Are Resource
Poor To Provide Costly Inputs For Enhancing Yield. Their Only Resource Viz.
Land, Need To Be Prevented From Degradations. In The Organic Farming System
Approach, A Piece Of Land Is Used Optimally And To Its Fullest Potential To
Produce A Range Of Nutritious And Healthy Food As Well As Other Required
Commodities In A Manner Which Can Healthily Feed A Small Family, And Maintain
Soil Health And Productivity By Agricultural Practices Based On Principles Of
Nature. Pests (Both Insects And Diseases) Are Also Controlled And Managed By
The Selection Of Crop Mixes And Using Biological Control Measures.
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