HABIT	AN ERECT, THORNY, STRIGOSE-HISPID HERB; UP TO 60 CM TALL.
STEMS	THE STEM IS SQUARE AND THICKENED AT NODES AND HAIRY. THE BARK IS DARK BROWN.
LEAVES	WHORLED, LANCEOLATE, DENTATE, ACUMINATE, BASE CUNEATE, SCABROUS, SUB-SESSILE.
FLOWERS	PINK OR BLUE-PURPLE; SESSILE, IN AXILLARY WHORLS, SURROUNDED BY YELLOWISH STIFF SPINES.
FRUITS	CAPSULE 1 CM. LONG, LINEAR OBLONG, POINTED GLABROUS, AND ABOUT 8 SEEDED.